Heterogeneity of lung mononuclear phagocytes during pneumonia: contribution of chemokine receptors.

Role of the beta-chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR5 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of monocytes and microglia.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in mononuclear phagocyte lineage cells (monocytes, macrophages, and microglia) is a critical component in the pathogenesis of viral infection. Viral replication in macrophages serves as a reservoir, a site of dissemination, and an instigator for neurological sequelae during HIV-1 disease. Recent studies demonstrated that chemokine receptors ...

M-CSF Mediates Host Defense during Bacterial Pneumonia by Promoting the Survival of Lung and Liver Mononuclear Phagocytes.

Gram-negative bacterial pneumonia is a common and dangerous infection with diminishing treatment options due to increasing antibiotic resistance among causal pathogens. The mononuclear phagocyte system is a heterogeneous group of leukocytes composed of tissue-resident macrophages, dendritic cells, and monocyte-derived cells that are critical in defense against pneumonia, but mechanisms that reg...

Streptococcus pneumoniae Infected with Recruitment to Inhibit Sepsis in Mice 2-Dependent Lung Mononuclear Phagocyte Important Role for CC Chemokine Ligand

Genome-wide transcriptional profiling of mononuclear phagocytes recruited to mouse lungs in response to alveolar challenge with the TLR2 agonist Pam3CSK4.

Compared with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand LPS restricted to gram-negative bacteria, few studies have addressed induction of lung inflammation and concomitant leukocyte recruitment in response to TLR2 ligands. This study is the first report showing that selective TLR2 stimulation by its ligand Pam(3)-Cys-Ser-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-OH (Pam(3)CSK(4)) within the alveolar compartment promoted lu...

Lung epithelial apoptosis in influenza virus pneumonia: the role of macrophage-expressed TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand

Mononuclear phagocytes have been attributed a crucial role in the host defense toward influenza virus (IV), but their contribution to influenza-induced lung failure is incompletely understood. We demonstrate for the first time that lung-recruited "exudate" macrophages significantly contribute to alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) apoptosis by the release of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-i...